1、“连词+分词”结构作状语：按英语习惯，一些表示时间、地点、条件、方式、让步等的状语从句，若从句的主语与主句德主语一致，且从句谓语包含动词be/那么可将从句的主语和动词be省略。连词有：when/ while/ if though/ after/ before/ as/ unless但分词的主语与主句的主语必须为同一个，如：1/ While (he was) waiting there/ he saw two pretty girls come out of the building/2/ Jane is a shy girl and she never speaks until _/(she
2、was spoken to)Aasking Bspoken to Cspeaking to Dtold3/ Iwontgounless(Iam)invited/ 4/ Youmuststudyhardwhile(youare)young/oryouwillregretwhen(youare)old/ 你年轻时要努力学习，不然到老了你会后悔的。5/ Lookoutforcarswhen (youare)crossingthestreet/ 过马路时要注意汽车。6/ While(Iwas)waiting/Iwasreadingsomeoldmagazine等的时候我在看一些旧杂志。7/ Hewil
3、lworkhardwherever(heis)sentbytheparty/ 无论党把他派往哪里/他都会努力工作。8/ If (the experiment is)carefully_/theexperimentwillbesuccessful A/ do B/ does C/ done D/ doing一、have/get+宾语+done，done是过去分词作宾语补足语。1/He will have/get the computer repaired tomorrow/他明天让人给他修电脑。2/He had/get his computer stolen the other day/前几天他
4、的电脑被偷了。3/ Jenny hopes that Mr Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English improved in a short period/4/ He had his leg broken/二、get+宾语+to do sth=have +宾语+do sth意思是“让***去干某事”。1/ Mother has me go to the shop to buy some fruit/ 2/ Ill get someone to finish this work for you3/ Excuse me sir
5、/ where is Room 301? Just a minute/ Ill have Bob show you to the room/三、have +宾语+ doing sth意思是“让***或某物持续做某事”。1/ Its cold today/ we should have the fire burning all the time/ 2/ They had their lights burning all night long/3/ He had us working day after day/状语从句状语说明事物发生的时间/地点/原因/目的/结果方式/条件或伴随情况/程度等情况的
6、词叫状语。状语可以由副词/ 短语以及从句来担任。 副词作状语 He hardly plays golf/ They are playing happily/ 介词短语作状语 He got up at six/ All the boys are in the room/ 不定式(短语)作状语 I went there to see my grandfather/ 分词(短语)作状语 Being a poor teacher/ he cant afford a car/ 词组作状语 I shall stay another three months/ 从句作状语 By the time I got
7、 there/ the bus had already left状语从句指的是在主从句中作状语的从句，修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句放在主句之前时，常用逗号分开；若放在主句之后，一般不用逗号。按其意义和作用划分，常见的有以下几种： 时间状语从句 通常由从属连词when/ whenever/ as/ while/ before/ after/ till/ until/ as soon as/ hardlywhen/ no soonerthan/ since/ once等引导。在使用时，从句一般不用一般将来时态。若主句为一般将来时态或是含有将来的意味时，时间状语从句常用一般现在时态来代
8、替将来，即“主将从现”。例子：I will go to the cinema as soon as I finish my homework/ 我一完成 作业就去电影院。 When I grow up/ I will join the army/ 当我毕业了，我就要去参军。1/ when/ while/ as 例子：When Mother was cooking dinner/ I was watching TV/(持续) I was doing my homework when the telephone rang/(短暂) He took a bath while I was playin
9、g games/(持续) He sang songs as he was taking a bath/(他一边唱歌一边洗澡) 2/ hardlywhen/ no soonerthan= as soon as 例子：We had hardly begun when we were told to stop/ I had no sooner reached home than it began to rain/ 3/ as soon as/ until 例子：We will not begin until everyone arrives/ I will let you know as soon
10、as he gets to Beijng/ 4/ once/ since 例子：I have taught English since I came here/ 地点状语从句通常由连词where和wherever引导/从句可位于主语前/也可以位于主语后。例子： I found the book where I left them/ Wherever you go/ I will go with you/ 地点状语从句 地点状语从句通常由where/ wherever引导。例子：Where I live there are plenty of trees/ Wherever I am I wil
11、l be thinking of you/Where there is a will/ there is a way/ Wherever theres plenty of rain and sunshine/ the fields are green/ Where引导地点状语从句和定语从句的区别：例子：Go back where you come from/(状语从句) Go back to the villager where you came from/ (定语从句) 原因状语从句 通常由because/ since/ as引导/其中because语气最强/since稍弱/as最弱。例子：
12、He took off his hat because he felt hot/ Because it was wet/ I didnt go out for a walk/ 在强调句中/引导从句只能用because/不能用since或as 。例子：It was because he was ill that he didnt go with us/ Since和as引导的原因状语从句/其原因或理由在说话人看来已经明显/或以为听话人熟悉/不须强调/as表示的语气最弱/常用于日常谈话。例子：As/Since he was not at home/ I spoke to his brother/
13、Since he cant answer the question/ youd better ask someone else/ 目的状语从句 通常由so that/ in order that/ so等词引导/从句中通常含有may/might/ can/could/ will/ should等情态动词/通常主句在前/从句在后/主句和从句之间没有逗号。例子：The teacher must speak clearly so that his students can understand well/ She has bought the book in order that she can f
14、ollow the TV lessons/ 结果状语从句 通常由so that/ sothat/ suchthat引导。例子：He had overslept/ so that he was late for work/ The rain was so heavy that we had to stay at home the whole day/ She is such a clever girl that she always comes top in exams/= She is so clever a girl that she always comes top in exams/ 区
15、别由so that引导的目的状语从句和结果状语从句。例子：She hurried/ so that she she caught the bus/(结果) She got up early so that she could catch the first bus/ ( 目的) 条件状语从句 通常由if/ unless/ as long as(只要)/ in case(结果/ 万一)/ on condition that(如果/在条件下)等连词引导。同样适用于“主将从现”。例子：We will stay at home if it rains tomorrow 如果明天下雨了，我们就/ 会呆在
16、家。 He wont come here unless he is invited/ 除非被邀请，否则他不会到这儿来的。 As long as you give me money/ I will go with you/ 我就跟你走。We will have a picnic in the park if it is fine this Sunday/ I wont go with you unless you tell me the truth/ if only常表示愿望或一未实现的条件/尤用于感叹句/表 示但愿/要是就好了 。例子：If only he arrives in time/他要
17、是及时赶到就好了 方式状语从句 通常由as/ as if/ as though引导。例子： You must do the exercises as I show you/ It looks as if its going to rain/as if/ as though引导的状语从句/多描述非现实情况/应用虚拟语气/例子：He walked as if/though he had hurt his leg/ 比较状语从句 通常由asas/ not as(so)as/ than引导。例子： His book is as new as mine/ He is not as (so) tall a
18、s his brother is/ 让步状语从句 通常由though/ although/ even if/ even though/ as/ whether/ whoever/ whatever/ whichever/ whenever/ wherever/ however/ no matter who(what/ which/ when/ where/ how)等引导。 引导让步状语从句的although/ though同义/用法基本相同/前者较正式/置于句首/后者较通俗/口语化。注意，在使用时，though 或 although 不能和 but 不能用在同一个句子中，两者只能用其一。 例子： She went there though/although it was raining/ Although its hard/ Ill
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